Legend Scissor Care

Legend Scissors are precision engineered to the highest standard providing you with superior cutting performance, however, in order to maintain these standards they must be cared for and cleaned correctly.

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Blue Green Algae How Treat the Beast

Cyanobacteria, often referred to as blue-green algae, are actually a type of bacteria rather than algae. While they were historically classified as algae due to their photosynthetic capabilities and their resemblance to algae in appearance, advances in molecular biology have led to their classification as bacteria.

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RO Water in Freshwater Aquarium

RO (Reverse Osmosis) water has been used for a long time in Marine Fishkeeping, but in recent times has also become increasingly popular among fresh water tropical fish enthusiasts. This article addresses some of the basic questions about the use of reverse osmosis water. It is not an in depth study, but intended only as a guide to the simpler aspects so further study and research will be needed for specific applications.

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Nitrate (NO3-)

Nitrate levels in aquariums need to be controlled as at high levels they compromise the health and well-being of the fish. This can eventually lead to bacterial and fungal infections, Whitespot, Fin-rot and other diseases that take advantage of compromised immunity. High nitrate levels are often the cause of excessive algae growth too.

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Ammonia

Ammonia is formed from the metabolism of protein and is the major waste product of fish. The majority of ammonia from fish is excreted through the gills, with relatively little being lost through urine and feces. Ammonia is also formed as uneaten feed or other organic matter in an aquarium decomposes. High concentrations of ammonia in the water make it difficult for fish to eliminate ammonia from their bodies. This buildup of ammonia can cause stress, gill and internal organ damage, and eventually death.

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Beneficial Bacteria in Aquarium

The nitrogen cycle (biological cycle or nitrification process) is the most important process in the aquarium. When we are talking about it we refer to the establishment of beneficial bacterial colonies (nitrifying bacteria) which convert ammonia (NH3) to nitrite (N02-) to nitrate (NO3-). Basically, this is nature’s way of recycling nutrients......

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Nitrite (NO2-)

Nitrite is formed by the conversion of ammonia by nitrifying bacteria. Nitrite is toxic to fish because it binds with the hemoglobin in fish's blood to form methemoglobin. Hemoglobin carries oxygen through the body while methemoglobin does not, so fish in high nitrite waters may suffocate even if sufficient oxygen is present. If enough methemoglobin is present in a fish's blood, it will cause the blood to appear brown instead of red. Consequently, nitrite toxicity is often called "brown blood disease."

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Supplements deficiencies in aquarium plants

In the article "Fertilizing a planted aquarium" we have already presented the most important nutritional resources for the proper growth of aquatic plants, which are, in short, the factors light, carbon, micronutrients and macronutrients. According to Liebig's Law of the Minimum, a complete nutritional coverage is essential for the plants to grow vitally....

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